Soaping

Sometimes yarns or cloths have to be passed through a soap-bath after

being dyed in order to brighten up the colours or develop them in some

way. In the case of yarns this can be done on the reel washing (p. 205)

machines such as are shown in figure 25. In the case of piece goods a

continuous machine in which the washing, soaping, etc., can be carried

on simultaneously is often employed. Such a machine is shown in figure
br /> 28. It consists of a number of compartments fitted with guide rollers,

so that the cloth passes up and down several times through the liquors

in the compartment; between one compartment and another is placed a

pair of squeezing rollers. The cloth is threaded in a continuous

manner, well shown in the drawing, through the machine; in one

compartment it is treated with water, in another with soap liquor, and

another with water, and so on, and these machines may be made with

two, three or more compartments, as may be necessary for the

particular work in hand. As seen in the drawing the cloth passes in at

one end, and out at the other finished. It is usually arranged that a

continuous current of the various liquors used flows through the

various compartments, thus ensuring the most perfect treatment of the

cloths.